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E-Bus Alternative for RB 73

Außerfernbahn: Kempten – Pfronten-Steinach

The RB 73 diesel train triggers around 79,000 mandatory horn blasts per year at unprotected level crossings, disturbing local communities. We propose replacing it with a zero-emission e-bus line from Kempten Bus Hub to Pfronten-Steinach.

Kempten has been operating all city bus routes electrically since 2025, with a fleet of 27 eCitaro buses. A new e-bus line of 4 extra buses extends this existing network into the region, saves ~380 t CO₂/year, and offers better mobility. Compared to the planned battery train conversion by 2040 (€69–118M), the e-bus solution costs just ~€4.1M over 15 years.

Act now – before a new diesel train contract (from 2029) locks in the noise for years to come.

Support this initiative
RB 73 diesel train at level crossing
Today: Diesel Train RB 73

~79,000 horn blasts/year · diesel emissions · high operating costs

Electric bus in Füssen
Tomorrow: Zero-Emission E-Bus

Silent · Zero emissions · ~64% lower operating costs

RB 73 Train vs. Proposed E-Bus Route

33 km rail | 43 km road
Click stops for details. Rail lines shown as dashed purple background.
DIMENSION 1

Noise Reduction: Horn Pollution at Level Crossings

The Außerfernbahn has 16 level crossings in just 12 kilometers – 12 are completely unprotected (Andreaskreuz/crossbuck only, no barriers or light signals) and 4 have electric barriers. [1] At the unprotected crossings, trains must sound their horn (EBO §16). [3] For residents of villages along the line, this means constant exposure to extreme noise, every day, from early morning until late evening.

12 / 16
Unprotected Crossings
Crossbuck only, no barriers
216
Horn Blasts/Day
~18 trains × 12 unprotected
110 dB
Horn Volume
EBO §36 minimum [3]
~18
Train Passages/Day
Two-hourly service [2] RB 73

Under the current two-hourly service (due to staff shortages), ~18 trains/day (~9 per direction) run on this section – all RB 73. No other train service uses this track. At the 12 unprotected crossings (crossbuck only), horn signals are legally required (EBO §16). [3] Replacing RB 73 with e-buses would eliminate all horn events at these crossings.

Case: Sulzberg – Oy-Mittelberg Segment (12 km, 16 level crossings)

Each marker represents a level crossing. 12 have only a crossbuck (unprotected, horn required), 4 have electric barriers. Click markers for photos/videos.

How Loud is 110 dB?

Conversation
60 dB
Busy Street
70 dB
Truck Passing
85 dB
Train Horn
110 dB
Jet at 100m
130 dB

🔊 Experience a Train Horn

Recorded 360m from the train line in Oberzollhaus. Turn up your volume to hear what residents experience 216 times per day.

Recording location 360m from train line

Warning: Loud train horn sound

Health Consequences

WHO Health Impact Thresholds (All Exceeded)

Sleep Disturbance: Threshold 40 dB, exceeded by 70 dB
Cardiovascular Stress: Threshold 65 dB, exceeded by 45 dB
Serious Annoyance: Threshold 55 dB, exceeded by 55 dB
Hearing Damage Risk: Threshold 85 dB, exceeded by 25 dB

Source: WHO Environmental Noise Guidelines (2018) [4]

05:17
First horn blast

Chronic sleep deprivation: Woken before sunrise, every day

The first train from Pfronten departs at 05:17 AM, triggering horn blasts at the 12 unprotected level crossings before 6 AM. For residents along the corridor, there is no sleeping in: not on weekends, not on holidays.

Chronic sleep deprivation health risks:

Heart disease
Obesity
Diabetes
Weakened immunity

Adults need 7+ hours of sleep per night. [5]

Communities Most Affected

Oberzollhaus
~150 residents
50m from nearest crossing
Bodelsberg
~250 residents
100m from nearest crossing
Schlechtenberg
~100 residents
150m from nearest crossing

The Solution: E-Buses Use Roads, Not Rails

E-buses don't trigger level crossing horns. Since RB 73 is the only train service on this track section, replacing it with e-buses eliminates all ~79,000 horn events per year (216/day × 365).

216 → 0
horn events/day
The track section with unprotected crossings is used exclusively by RB 73. Through-trains to Austria (S7) use a different track section.

Sources

[1] Crossing data: 16 crossings (12 unprotected/crossbuck only, 4 with electric barriers) based on site visit, OpenStreetMap data, and DB InfraGO infrastructure maps for the Sulzberg–Oy-Mittelberg segment.

[2] Train frequency: Since January 2025, RB 73 operates on a two-hourly schedule (instead of the planned hourly service) due to staff shortages (LOK Report) = ~18 train movements/day (~9 per direction). RB 73 is the only train service on this track section. Trains to Austria (S7) use a different track section from Pfronten-Steinach.

[3] Horn requirements: EBO §16 mandates acoustic warning signals at level crossings; 110 dB minimum per EBO §36. EBO §16, EBO §36.

[4] Health thresholds: WHO Environmental Noise Guidelines for the European Region (2018). who.int.

[5] Sleep guidelines: Adults need 7+ hours of sleep per night. CDC. cdc.gov.

DIMENSION 2

Better Connections: Mobility & Flexibility

Fixed rail lines can't adapt. E-buses connect directly to Kempten Bus Hub, serve communities the train misses, and adjust routes based on demand.

Current Problem: Poor Last-Mile Connections

  • Train terminates at Kempten Hbf, not the bus hub
  • Commuters must wait 5–15 min for city bus connections [4]
  • Villages like Schwarzenberg have no rail access
  • Fixed route can't adapt to events or demand

E-Bus Solution: Flexible, Connected Service

  • Direct to Bus Hub with seamless connection to all city bus lines
  • Coordinated timetables reduce wait times to 2–5 min
  • Can add stops for underserved communities
  • Routes can flex for ski season, festivals, or construction

Example: School Commute from Oy-Mittelberg

🚂

Current: Train + City Bus

1 Walk to Oy-Mittelberg station 5 min
2 Train to Kempten Hbf 25 min [1]
3 Wait for city bus connection 5–15 min [4]
4 City bus to destination / walk to school 10 min
Total journey 45–55 min + transfer stress
🚌

Proposed: Direct E-Bus

1 Walk to local stop (closer than station) 3 min
2 E-bus direct to Kempten Bus Hub 20 min [2]
3 Seamless connection at Bus Hub 2–5 min
4 City bus to destination / walk to school 10 min
Total journey 35–38 min, no transfer stress
Key insight: Kempten Bus Hub has connections to all city lines. [3] Arriving here instead of the train station (Hbf) means shorter, more reliable connections for most destinations.

Faster than the train

The e-bus takes just ~20 min [2] vs ~25 min by train. [1] Why? The train must slow to 10–20 km/h at each of the 16 level crossings for safety. The e-bus travels at normal road speeds, making it both faster and with better connections at the Bus Hub.

Sources

[1] Train journey time: ~25 min Oy-Mittelberg → Kempten Hbf, DB Regio RB 73 timetable (Dieselnetz Allgäu). Mona timetable Kempten–Oy (PDF).

[2] E-bus journey time: ~20 min estimated from Google Maps driving time Oy-Mittelberg → Kempten ZUM (bus hub) via B309/B12, 43 km road route. Google Maps route.

[3] Bus Hub: Kempten "Zentrum" (ZUM) – transfer hub for all 11 city bus lines. Buses depart in a rendezvous system every 30 min (at xx:25 and xx:55). Mona platform overview.

[4] Transfer times: 5–15 min wait at Hbf – RB 73 arrives at Hbf, but city buses depart from ZUM (~600 m walk between the two). At ZUM: 2–5 min with coordinated scheduling (proposal). Mona network map.

DIMENSION 3

Sustainability & Resilience

E-buses eliminate tailpipe emissions and create resilient infrastructure. The charging depot serves as a foundation for the region's broader electrification, benefiting emergency services, municipal fleets, and future transport needs.

🌱
~380 t
CO₂ saved per year (net)

430 t diesel eliminated, minus ~50 t e-bus electricity [1]

💨
Zero
Tailpipe emissions

No NOx, particulates, or diesel fumes

🔌
Multi-Use
Shared infrastructure

Depot serves entire municipal fleet

Proven Success: German Municipalities Lead the Way

E-buses are no longer experimental. Kempten itself has been running electric since 2025, and other cities and rural operators have proven they work reliably, even in challenging alpine conditions.

Kempten Stadtbus
Electric since 2025
  • • 27 eCitaro buses in scheduled service
  • • All regular routes fully electric
  • • Depot charging, on-site solar
  • • Umweltpreis Schwaben 2025 winner
[Source]
RVA Oberstdorf
Alpine e-bus pioneer since 2021
  • • 2 e-buses in daily operation
  • • 900m+ elevation, harsh winters
  • • Year-round service since 2021
[3]
München MVG
Germany's largest e-bus fleet
  • • 100+ e-buses operational
  • • Target: 100% electric by 2035
  • • Depot charging model proven
[4]
Konstanz
Large-scale e-bus transition
  • • 23 e-articulated buses in service (since 2025)
  • • Target: 100% electric by 2035
  • • Steep terrain, tourism demand
[5]
~10%
Of German city bus fleet is electric (end 2024)
Sixfold increase since 2020 [2]
~16%
Of new bus registrations are electric (2024)
Growing despite funding pause [2]
Why RVA Oberstdorf matters: Just 50km away, Oberstdorf operates e-buses year-round at higher elevation than Pfronten. Their success proves e-bus technology works in Allgäu conditions: no pilot needed, just implementation.

Sources: PwC E-Bus Radar 2025 [2], DB/RVA Oberstdorf [3], MVG München [4], Stadtwerke Konstanz [5]

Future-Proofing: One Investment, Many Uses

The charging depot isn't just for buses. It's foundational infrastructure for the region's entire electrification strategy. As EVs become standard, this depot becomes increasingly valuable:

🚑
Emergency Services
Fire, ambulance, rescue vehicles
🏫
School Transport
Electric school buses
🚛
Municipal Fleet
Waste, maintenance, admin
☀️
Solar + Storage
Grid resilience, peak shaving

Why This Matters for Resilience

  • Energy independence: Solar + battery storage reduces grid dependency
  • Emergency readiness: Charged vehicles available 24/7 for crisis response
  • Technology-agnostic: Infrastructure works with any future EV technology
  • Scalable: Can expand as municipal fleet electrification grows

Preparing for Germany's EV Transition

Germany's private EV fleet is growing rapidly. Rural villages like those along the Außerfernbahn corridor will need robust electric infrastructure, and the e-bus charging depot provides a foundation.

1.4M+
EVs registered in Germany (2025)
+35% annual growth
2035
EU ban on new combustion cars
All new cars must be zero-emission
Rural Gap
Villages lag in charging access
Public investment accelerates adoption

How E-Bus Infrastructure Benefits Private EVs

  • Grid upgrades: Depot charging requires grid capacity improvements that benefit the entire area
  • Expertise: Local operators gain EV maintenance and charging knowledge
  • Public charging: Depot could offer limited public charging during off-peak hours
  • Signal effect: Visible municipal EV commitment encourages private adoption

Sources: KBA Vehicle Statistics [7], EU 2035 Regulation [8]

🏡
Rural Gap

Don't Let Villages Fall Behind

Kempten already operates 27 e-buses with its own charging infrastructure, but villages along the corridor risk being left behind. Young families and professionals increasingly expect modern, sustainable transport options. Without them, rural areas become less attractive places to live.

Why This Matters for Village Growth

Attract young families: Modern infrastructure signals a forward-thinking community
Remote workers: Good transit + EV charging enables car-light lifestyles
Property values: Sustainable transport access is increasingly valued
Local businesses: Better connections bring customers and employees
Elderly residents: E-buses go to city centers, not just train stations on the outskirts

The opportunity: By investing in e-bus infrastructure now, villages like Oy-Mittelberg, Nesselwang, and Pfronten can offer the same modern transit experience as larger cities, making them attractive alternatives for people priced out of urban areas.

❄️

What about winter performance?

The route is only 43 km. Even with 27–48% winter energy loss [6], a round trip needs ~140 kWh in the worst case, and any eCitaro variant can be specced to easily meet this: eCitaro solo (NMC3): up to 588 kWh, eCitaro solo (NMC4, from 2026): up to 666 kWh, eCitaro G articulated (NMC4): up to 777 kWh. With overnight depot charging, heat pumps, and pre-conditioning, each bus starts the day fully charged. RVA Oberstdorf [3] has operated e-buses year-round since 2021 at 900m+ elevation, higher than the entire proposed route.

Sources

[1] CO₂ savings: Estimated based on UBA emissions data. BR 633 DMU: ~80 L diesel/100km × 2.65 kg CO₂/L = ~2.1 kg CO₂/km. RB 73 service: 33 km × 17 trips × 365 days = 205,755 km/year × 2.1 kg = ~430 t CO₂/year eliminated. E-bus fleet adds ~50 t (German grid mix), net savings ~380 t/year. umweltbundesamt.de.

[2] German e-bus adoption: ~10% of city bus fleet electric (end 2024), ~16% of new registrations. PwC E-Bus Radar 2025.

[3] RVA Oberstdorf: Alpine e-bus operations since 2021, 900m+ elevation, year-round service. gruen.deutschebahn.com.

[4] MVG München: Germany's largest e-bus fleet, 100+ e-buses operational. mvg.de.

[5] Stadtwerke Konstanz: 23 e-articulated buses in service, target 100% electric by 2035. stadtwerke-konstanz.de.

[6] Winter performance: 27–48% increased energy consumption. NOW GmbH winter study.

[7] KBA Vehicle Statistics: 1.4M+ EVs registered in Germany (2025). kba.de.

[8] EU 2035 Regulation: All new cars must be zero-emission from 2035. ec.europa.eu.

DIMENSION 4

Cost Savings: Comparison & Funding

Until 2040: Diesel Train or E-Buses?

A 15-year Total Cost of Ownership analysis shows e-buses cost ~64% less than continuing diesel train service. Federal funding previously covered up to 80% of vehicle costs (BMV – directive expired end of 2025, successor program expected). [1]

~7,4 Mio. €
Saved Over 15 Years
TCO comparison below
~64%
Cost Reduction
vs. diesel train operation
80%
Max Federal Funding
BMV (directive expired end of 2025) [1]
577.000 €
Cost per E-Bus
PwC E-Bus Radar [2]

Diesel Train (RB 73): 15-Year TCO

Vehicle (BR 633, diesel multiple unit) [3] 3.000.000 €
Operating Costs (subsidy + fuel + maintenance, 15 yrs) [4] 7.500.000 €
Track Access Charges (DB InfraGO, 15 yrs) [5] 1.000.000 €
Total TCO 11.500.000 €

E-Bus Fleet (4 buses): 15-Year TCO

Vehicle Costs
Purchase (4 buses + 2 replacements, 577.000 € each) [2] 3.462.000 €
Federal Funding (80%) [1] −2.770.000 €
Subtotal Vehicles 692.000 €
Operating Costs
0,33 €/km × 43 km × 40 trips × 365 days × 15 yrs [6]
Based on 30-minute frequency
3.108.000 €
Charging Infrastructure
New depot (chargers, grid connection, civil works) [7] 800.000 €
Savings: expand existing depot instead [8] −500.000 €
Subtotal Infrastructure 300.000 €
Total TCO 4.100.000 €

Note: E-bus operating costs (0,33 €/km) cover energy and maintenance [6]. Driver wages are not listed separately as they are comparable for both train and bus operations and largely cancel out in the comparison. A detailed feasibility study should include full personnel costs.

Federal & EU Funding Programs

BMV E-Bus Funding

  • • Previous funding: up to 80% of vehicle costs
  • • Up to 40% of charging infrastructure
  • • Directive expired end of 2025 – successor program expected
  • • Application via NOW GmbH

Additional Funding

Still Cheaper Without Federal Funding

The e-bus calculation above assumes 80% federal funding (BMV program, directive expired end of 2025). Without funding, the e-bus TCO is ~6,87 Mio. €, still ~40% cheaper than the diesel train (11,5 Mio. €). The e-bus advantage holds in both scenarios.

Sources

[1] Federal funding: BMV e-bus program (up to 80% vehicle costs, directive expired end of 2025). bmv.de, now-gmbh.de.

[2] E-bus vehicle costs: ~580.000 € for 12m solo bus. PwC E-Bus Radar 2025. Average 577.000 €, range 403.000–718.000 € (real procurement data from 1.489 buses). BMWK study.

[3] Diesel multiple unit: BR 633 (Alstom Coradia LINT 41), ~3 Mio. €/vehicle. Reference: 52 LINT 41 for Saxony-Anhalt diesel network, ~170 Mio. € total (~3,3 Mio. €/unit). Bahnblogstelle.

[4] Train operating costs: Estimated 500.000 €/year. Reference: nationwide SPNV average ~15 €/train-km (of which ~9 € subsidy requirement), LNVG 2015 data. Bavaria task authority: BEG (Bayerische Eisenbahngesellschaft). Network-specific costs are confidential. LNVG SPNV costs, BEG Bavaria.

[5] Track access charges: SPNV track prices rise 3% in 2026 (statutory track price brake). Average ~4,86 €/train-km (LNVG 2015). RB 73: 33 km × 17 trains × 365 days = ~205.000 train-km/year. Bundesnetzagentur track prices 2026, DB InfraGO TPS 2025.

[6] E-bus operating costs: Estimated ~0,33 €/km (energy + maintenance), derived from VLP field data: e-bus operating costs are roughly half those of diesel buses (~0,65 €/km). Omnibus Revue. Energy consumption: ~1.3 kWh/km (VDV average, 12m solo bus). EMCEL/VDV.

[7] Charging infrastructure: ~800.000 € estimated for full 4-bus depot (chargers, grid connection, civil works). Reference: ~130.000 €/bus. Kempten already has depot infrastructure [8], so only ~300.000 € needed for expansion. Stadtwerke Konstanz.

[8] Kempten e-bus infrastructure: 27 eCitaro buses in operation, depot charging with PV solar and 2 MWh battery storage. Operators: Berchtold and Haslach. Mercedes-Benz / eCitaro Kempten.

From 2040: Battery Train or E-Buses?

Bavaria aims to end diesel rail services by 2040 [5a]. The current plan for RB 73 is a conversion to battery trains (BEMU). These charge under overhead wire at Kempten Hbf, expected as part of the Buchloe–Kempten electrification around 2032–2035 [5b]. E-buses could be operational from 2028.

Battery Train (BEMU)

€69–118M
  • Track renewal (28 km): €42–70M [6]
  • Crossing protection (12): €6–9M [4]
  • New trains (2–3 BEMU): €16–24M [7]
  • Charging infrastructure: €5–15M [5c]

+ implementation: 10+ years

E-Bus

~€4.1M
  • 4 buses + charging infra + operations
  • TCO over 15 years (with funding)
  • Uses Kempten's existing infrastructure
  • No track or crossings needed

Ready in 12–18 months

Battery Train E-Bus
Horn blasts 216/day (unchanged) [3] 0
Journey time Kempten–Pfronten ~54 min (same track) ~50 min (road)
Frequency Two-hourly Every 30 minutes
Stops 13 (fixed route) Flexibly expandable
CO₂ savings ~380 t/year ~380 t/year
Implementation 10+ years 12–18 months

The Track Itself Is the Problem

Maximum speed is 70 km/h, limited by the track superstructure (downgraded to class A in 2015 [1]), tight curves, and Alpine topography. Journey time is ~54 minutes for 33 km. Just renewing the track bed over 28 km would cost €42–70M (approx. €1.5–2.5M/km, comparable to the Werdenfelsbahn programme [6]). That is for the track alone, without crossings or new trains. Full electrification would be even more expensive at €1.4–3.6M/km [2], which is why battery operation is being considered. But a battery train still runs just as slowly on the same track.

Switching Propulsion Does Not Eliminate Noise

EBO §16 mandates acoustic warning signals at level crossings regardless of propulsion. A battery train sounds its horn just like a diesel train. Protecting all 12 crossings would cost an additional €6–9M [4], but this is not included in any current plans. All 216 daily horn blasts would remain even with a battery train. E-buses run on roads and trigger zero horn blasts.

Even if battery trains are the goal: e-buses are the ideal bridge solution

Even those committed to battery trains long-term need a solution until 2040. While the track is renewed to a higher class and the 12 unprotected level crossings are fitted with barriers, e-buses handle local transport – quietly, emission-free, and with better frequency. Residents benefit immediately, and the track can be upgraded faster and more cheaply without ongoing passenger service. A new diesel contract (2029–2032+) would be the worst option in either scenario: it locks in the noise, blocks track renewal, and delays both the e-bus and the battery train solution.

Sources

[1] Track class: Downgraded from C3 to A between Durach and Pfronten-Steinach on 16 July 2015 due to substructure deficiencies. Wikipedia: Außerfernbahn.

[2] Electrification costs: BMV cost comparison: single-track lines €1.4–3.6M/km depending on topography. BMV Cost Comparison.

[3] Horn signal requirements: EBO §16 mandates acoustic warning signals at level crossings regardless of propulsion. Minimum 110 dB (EBO §36). EBO §16.

[4] Crossing protection costs: Half-barrier installation: €500,000–750,000 per crossing. Cost-sharing under Eisenbahnkreuzungsgesetz (EKrG): 1/3 each for railway, federal government, and road authority. EKrG.

[5a] BEG Allgäu Study – 2040 diesel phase-out: "Der Freistaat Bayern möchte den Einsatz von Dieselverkehren im bayerischen SPNV bis 2040 beenden." (Ch. 1, p. 7). Zeithorizont 3 = all lines battery-electric by 2040 at the latest (Ch. 3.2, p. 20). Total investment for the entire Allgäu network: €329–365M (Ch. 2.1, pp. 9–10). Implementation: min. 10 years (Ch. 10, p. 123). BEG Announcement, Study (PDF, 202 pp.).

[5b] BEG Allgäu Study – RB 73 as BEMU line: RB 73 Kempten Hbf – Pfronten-Steinach is listed as a conventional line (no tilting technology) using BEMU 45, 2 vehicles per train (Table 3-3, p. 26). Simulation shows: the BEMU charges under overhead wire at Kempten Hbf and covers the 65 km round trip on battery – minimum SoC 45%, above the 30% safety threshold (Table 7-3, p. 73). Prerequisite: the Buchloe–Kempten line must be electrified. The study's implementation plan has overhead wire reaching Kempten around ~2032–2035 at the earliest (Fig. 10-1, p. 125). In Jan. 2026, a planning contract was signed only for Buchloe–Biessenhofen – still ~25 km short of Kempten. Study (PDF), Tables 3-3 & 7-3, Bayern.de: Planning contract Jan. 2026.

[5c] BEG Allgäu Study – Charging infrastructure: Charging stations in Füssen (~€10.2M) and Krumbach (~€12.6M) planned for BEMU operations (cost table Ch. 9.4, p. 120). Study (PDF), Table 9-4.

[6] Track renewal costs: DB investment programme Werdenfels/Oberland: ~€100M for approx. 45 km of track renewal on comparable single-track Alpine lines in Bavaria (2023). Approx. €2.2M/km. DB Press Release.

[7] BEMU vehicle costs: VMS Saxony / Alstom Coradia Continental BEMU: 11 three-car trains for ~€70M (vehicle cost, 2020), approx. €6.4M/unit. ÖBB / Stadler FLIRT Akku framework: up to 120 three-car trains, approx. €10.8M/unit. Estimate €8M/unit (midpoint, inflation-adjusted). Alstom Press Release, IRJ: ÖBB/Stadler.

Critical Timing

The RB 73 is at a critical juncture. The current transport contract ("D-Netz Allgäu Los 1" with DB Regio) will be re-tendered as "Dieselnetz Allgäu Übergang" – running from December 2029 to December 2032, with an option to extend to 2035 [1]. If a new diesel contract is signed now, the region will be locked into the status quo for another 3–6 years.

Decision Window 2027–2029

The tender for the transitional contract will be prepared over the next 1–2 years. Now is the moment to bring the e-bus alternative into the political discussion – before the tender documents are finalized.

Service Already Degraded

The RB 73 currently operates only at a 2-hour frequency instead of hourly – due to staff shortages [2]. This shows: the diesel train is already failing as a reliable solution. An e-bus running every 30 minutes would be a real improvement.

Investing in Outdated Infrastructure

Platforms at Pfronten stations are currently being rebuilt [3]. Every euro spent on infrastructure for a replaceable local service is a missed opportunity to invest in future-proof e-bus infrastructure instead.

Electrification Confirms the Approach

The 1.5 km section from the Austrian border to Pfronten-Steinach was electrified in 2021 [4]. Through-trains (Reutte, Garmisch) run electric there – but the RB 73 shuttle remains on non-electrified track and continues running diesel. This partial electrification makes the local diesel service even more redundant.

The tender is being prepared now – without intervention, millions will again be committed to a diesel contract (2029–2032, with option to extend to 2035), even though the e-bus solution would be cheaper, cleaner, quieter, and better connected.

Sign the petition now

Sources

[1] Transport contract: BEG pre-information notice for "Dieselnetz Allgäu Übergang" tender – Dec 2029 to Dec 2032, with option to 2035. Current contract "D-Netz Allgäu Los 1" with DB Regio. lok-report.de.

[2] Degraded service: RB 73 running at 2-hour frequency since January 2025 due to staff shortages. Dieselnetz Allgäu Los 1 had the highest cancellation rate of all Bavarian networks in 2024 at 14.5%. lok-report.de, BEG cancellation data.

[3] Platform rebuilding: Barrier-free upgrade at Pfronten-Ried station (construction started July 2024, ~4 Mio. €). Nesselwang station also being rebuilt. deutschebahn.com, allgaeuhit.de.

[4] Außerfernbahn electrification: 1.5 km border–Pfronten-Steinach section electrified since December 2021 (~2,1 Mio. €). Electric trains run continuously Munich–Garmisch–Reutte–Pfronten. Bavarian Transport Ministry.

Less noise, better connections, lower costs

Sign the petition now

Accelerated Implementation Timeline

1 PHASE

Planning & Approvals

This study provides the foundation. Finalize route details and secure political buy-in.

2–3 months
2 PHASE

Funding & Fleet Procurement

Submit funding applications. Kempten's operators already have procurement channels with Daimler Buses [8]. Lease initially or order additional eCitaros through existing contracts.

3–4 months
3 PHASE

Expand Existing Infrastructure

Kempten's bus operators already run depot charging with PV solar and 2 MWh battery storage for 27 eCitaros [8]. Add a few charger slots for the regional fleet, no new depot needed.

1–2 months
4 PHASE

Pilot Service

Launch e-bus service alongside existing train. Validates operations and builds rider confidence before full cutover.

3–6 months
5 PHASE

Full Replacement

Discontinue RB 73 local service. E-bus becomes the primary Kempten–Pfronten connection, integrated into Kempten's existing electric bus network.

Ongoing

Key accelerators

  • Infrastructure already exists: Kempten's operators run 27 eCitaros with depot charging, PV solar, and battery storage [8]. Just expand, don't build from scratch.
  • Proven operators: Berchtold and Haslach already operate the same bus model daily [8]. No learning curve needed.
  • Established procurement: Existing supplier relationship with Daimler Buses enables fast ordering or leasing.
  • Phased rollout: De-risks transition by running pilot alongside train

Estimated total timeline: 12–18 months from project approval to full operation

Executive Summary

The Proposal

Replace RB 73 local train service (Kempten ↔ Pfronten-Steinach) with a zero-emission e-bus line connecting directly to Kempten Bus Hub. RB 73 has been the only train service on this section since 2020 (through-running to Reutte ended). The rail infrastructure remains in place and is available for occasional freight or special services.

Noise Reduction

12 of 16 level crossings in 12 km are completely unprotected, triggering 216 horn blasts daily (110 dB each). RB 73 is the only train service on this section (two-hourly service due to staff shortages) – e-buses eliminate all ~79,000 horn events per year.

216 → 0 horn events/day

Better Connections

In many cases e-buses are faster because trains must slow to 10-20 km/h at each of the many level crossings. Direct to Kempten Bus Hub enables seamless transfers to all city bus lines.

Faster + direct access to entire bus network

Sustainability & Resilience

Zero-emission e-buses save ~380 t CO₂/year. Shared charging infrastructure closes the rural gap, giving villages the same modern transit as cities, attracting young families and remote workers.

Don't let villages fall behind the EV transition

Cost Savings

15-year TCO: ~4,1 Mio. € (e-bus) vs 11,5 Mio. € (train). Previous federal funding covered up to 80% of vehicle costs and 40% of charging infrastructure (BMV – directive expired end of 2025, successor program expected).

~7,4 Mio. € saved over 15 years (~64% reduction)
Fleet Size
4 e-buses
+ 2 replacements over 15 years
Route Length
43 km
vs 33 km rail (via road network)
Implementation
12–18 months
from project approval to full operation

Key Clarification

What stays:
  • • Rail infrastructure remains in place
  • • No through-services affected (Kempten–Reutte through-running ended in 2020)
  • • Track available for occasional freight or special services
What changes:
  • • RB 73 local trains → e-buses
  • • Terminus: Hbf → Bus Hub (better connections)
  • • Frequency: every 30–60 min

Time-Critical: Contract Tender Approaching

The current RB 73 transport contract will be re-tendered as "Dieselnetz Allgäu Übergang" (term 12/2029–12/2032, option to 2035). The tender is being prepared over the next 1–2 years. If no action is taken now, a new diesel contract will lock the region in for another 3–6 years. Learn more →

Frequently Asked Questions

Is bus capacity sufficient for all passengers?

A modern articulated bus seats up to 120 people, a standard bus 80. With a 30-minute frequency and 4 vehicles, total capacity is substantial. Additional trips can be added during peak demand (e.g. ski season). Exact RB 73 ridership figures would need to be determined as part of a feasibility study to optimally size the fleet.

What happens to DB employees?

DB staff can be reassigned to other routes in the Allgäu network. Additionally, bus drivers, maintenance and administrative staff are needed for the new e-bus service. Experience shows that such transitions reassign rather than eliminate positions.

Why not a battery train instead of e-bus?

A battery train (BEMU) needs the same degraded track (renewal: €42–70M), triggers the same horn blasts at unprotected crossings (protection: €6–9M), plus new trains and charging infrastructure. Total: €69–118M, 10+ years to implement. The e-bus achieves the same goal (zero-emission operation) for ~€4.1M in 12–18 months, with better frequency (30 min vs 2 hrs) and flexible routing.

Isn't rail fundamentally greener than bus?

On heavily used routes, yes. But RB 73 runs diesel railcars on a non-electrified line carrying only a few dozen passengers per trip. A zero-emission e-bus is actually greener in this case: it saves ~380 t CO₂ per year compared to the diesel train, and the shared charging infrastructure benefits the entire region.

Will the rail line be shut down?

No. The rail infrastructure remains in place. RB 73 has been the only train service on the Kempten–Pfronten-Steinach section since 2020 (through-running to Reutte ended). The track remains available for occasional freight or special services.

Can I still use my DB ticket or Mona pass?

Fare integration would need to be arranged as part of the implementation. Since the e-bus replaces RB 73 on the same corridor, recognition of existing DB tickets and Mona passes would be logical. The Mona Allgäu fare system already covers both buses and trains in the network. A detailed feasibility study should clarify fare integration with DB Regio and Mona.

How does accessibility compare?

Modern low-floor e-buses offer level boarding at every stop, making them often more accessible for wheelchair users, parents with strollers, and elderly passengers than trains. Many stations on the route lack step-free platforms. E-buses can also flexibly serve new on-demand stops.

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